ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the effect of cellular immune in the pathogenesis of chronic urticaria, and to clarify the immunological mechanism of chronic urticaria. Methods: A total of 68 patients with chronic urticaria and 70 normal controls were selected as the subjects. The patients with chronic urticaria were divided into four different subgroups according to the different complications; there were 11 patients in autoimmune disease group (3 case of rheumatism, 2 case of lupus erythematosus, 4 cases of thyroid diseases, 2 cases vitiligo), 13 patients in Helicobacter pylori infection group, 10 patients in hepatitis B and hepatitis C group, and 6 patients in tumor group. The expressions of T cell surface markers CD3, CD4 1, and CD8 in the peripheral blood were detected with flow cytometry. Furthermore, the T cell subsets in the peripheral blood of the patients with chronic urticaria with different complications were detected by flow cytometry. Results: Compared with control group, the ratio of CD4 T cells of the patients in chronic urticaria group was significantly decreased (P0. 05). Compared with the patients with the disease duration less than 12 months, the ratio of CD4 1 T cells of the patients with the disease duration more than 12 months was significantly decreased (P0. 05). Compared with the patients without complications, the ratios of CD4 T cells and CD3 T cells of the patients with complications were decreased (P< 0. 05), the ratio of CD8 T cells was increased (P<0. 05), and the ratio of CD4 1/CD8 was decreased (P< 0. 05). Conclusion: The unbalance of cellular immune exists in the patients with chronic urticaria, especially the decreasing of the ratio of CD4 T cells in peripheral blood of the patients might be one of the mechanisms of pathogenesis of chronic urticaria.
ABSTRACT
@# Neurofeedback may improve cognitive function and behaviour by regulating the cerebral neural activities. Neurofeedback works as a kind of therapy for patients with Parkinson's disease, primarily based on electroencephalogram signals and hemodynamic signals. It regulates abnormal neuronal rhythm oscillations in the cortical-spinal system by electroencephalogram neurofeedback and sensory motor rhythm as the main adjustment frequency band, and modulates activation in the cortical-basal ganglia-thalamic-cortical network of brain with the supplementary motor area as the target area via functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback. Neurofeedback effectively improves the motor symptoms of Parkinson's patients, both dynamic and static. However, the number of samples is limited in these researches, and the assessments before and after neurofeedback training are not yet comprehensive. Neurofeedback technology might be a potential effective rehabilitation for patients with Parkinson's disease.